A significant increase in freeze thaw events (even during dead of winter) has been a climate change impact that has been most obvious to me. Impacts range from slips and falls (some minor but also some severe, with acquaintances having to be hospitalized and/or take several months off of work due to brain injuries and broken limbs) and car accidents (again, ranging from minor to major accidents involving fatalities). It also leads to more indirect effects. For instance, cancelled school buses due to icy roads (sometimes district wide) is not uncommon, resulting in rural children missing school and parents scrambling for care. Another example is road closures, lasting several hours in the event of a highway fatality. In the past, these conditions were common in late fall/early winter and again in late winter/early spring, but now they persist throughout the winter months, with municipalities and provincial governments often ill-equipped (and under budgeted) to deal with the amount of ice chipping and sanding/salting they need to do to keep roads and sidewalks safe.


